DAILY(8) | System Manager's Manual | DAILY(8)

# NAME

`daily`, `weekly`, `monthly` — periodic system maintenance

# DESCRIPTION

The three files /etc/daily, /etc/weekly, and /etc/monthly are shell scripts run on a periodic basis by the clock daemon, cron(8). They take care of some basic administrative tasks. Their output, if any, is mailed to root.

Note: The scripts are all run as part of root's crontab(5). However, it is strongly suggested that the root mail account be an alias that forwards messages to a real user or set of users. Otherwise, root's mail will simply accumulate in /var/mail until the partition holding it runs out of space. See newaliases(8) for further details.

These scripts should not be altered. Local additions should be made to the files /etc/daily.local, /etc/weekly.local, and /etc/monthly.local, which will be executed by /etc/daily, /etc/weekly, and /etc/monthly, respectively. The *.local files are executed first, which makes it convenient to do any necessary cleanup and backup and to define any required shell variables before the script is run.

## /etc/daily

This script is run daily. It currently does the following:

- Runs the script /etc/daily.local, if it exists.
- Removes scratch and junk files from /tmp.
- Purges accounting records from /var/account, if they exist. Processes that were killed due to pledge or memory access violations, or had file access prevented by unveil, are reported in the daily mail. See accton(8), lastcomm(1), and sa(8).
- Creates a backup root file system which is updated daily. This only happens if the following conditions are met:
  1. The environment variable `ROOTBACKUP` must be set. For example, the following can be added to /etc/daily.local:

     `ROOTBACKUP=1`
  2. The mount directory /altroot must exist, and there must be an /etc/fstab entry specifying a configured disk device, the file system type ‘ffs’, and ‘xx’ for the mount options, e.g.

     `/dev/wd0j /altroot ffs xx 0 0`
- Checks daemon status. Lists any daemons which are enabled in rc.conf.local(8) but which are not actually running.
- Reports on which file systems need to be dumped via dump(8).
- Runs the calendar(1) utility unless the environment variable `CALENDAR` is set to 0 in /etc/daily.local or the host is a yp(8) client.
- If `CHECKFILESYSTEMS` is set to 1 in /etc/daily.local, runs fsck(8) with the no-write flag (`-n`).
- If the file /etc/Distfile exists, runs the rdist(1) utility.
- Runs the system security(8) check script.

## /etc/weekly

This script is run weekly. It currently does the following:

- Runs the script /etc/weekly.local, if it exists.
- Rebuilds the locate(1) database, if there is an existing /var/db/locate.database file.
- Rebuilds the whatis(1) database(s) via makewhatis(8).
- If `LOGINACCOUNTING` is set to 1 in /etc/weekly.local and the /var/log/wtmp file exists, show individual users' login via the ac(8) utility.

## /etc/monthly

This script is run monthly. It currently does the following:

- Runs the script /etc/monthly.local, if it exists.

# ENVIRONMENT

The following variables can be set in /etc/daily.local:

`CALENDAR`
  If set to 0, do not run calendar(1).
`CHECKFILESYSTEMS`
  If set to 1, run fsck(8) with the no-write flag.
`ROOTBACKUP`
  If set to 1, make a backup of the root file system.

The following variables can be set in /etc/weekly.local:

`LOGINACCOUNTING`
  If set to 1, run ac(8) to report login accounting.
`MAKEWHATISARGS`
  Arguments for makewhatis(8); empty by default.

# FILES

/etc/daily
  Daily maintenance script.
/etc/daily.local
  Site specific daily maintenance script.
/etc/weekly
  Weekly maintenance script.
/etc/weekly.local
  Site specific weekly maintenance script.
/etc/monthly
  Monthly maintenance script.
/etc/monthly.local
  Site specific monthly maintenance script.
/var/cron/tabs/root
  Root crontab(5).

# SEE ALSO

calendar(1), crontab(1), locate(1), rdist(1), whatis(1), crontab(5), ac(8), accton(8), cron(8), dump(8), fsck(8), makewhatis(8), sa(8), security(8), yp(8)

# HISTORY

The `daily`, `weekly`, and `monthly` scripts first appeared in 4.3BSD-Reno. This manual page first appeared in OpenBSD 3.4.

# CAVEATS

If the host machine is not running 24/7, these scripts may never be run. Adjusting the time fields in the system crontab(5) may partially alleviate this problem.

Be careful when adding local additions. Services such as "www" have their own users, and should be run as such, not as root. It may be more appropriate to create a separate crontab(5) for such services.

July 4, 2024 | Debian